Multiple pile weaving



0t 13, 1959 F. w. E. HoEsl-:LBARTH 2,908,296

MULTIPLE PILE WEAVING Filed Aug; 2s, 1955 Oct. 13, 1959 F. w. E. Hox-:sELBARTH 2,908,296

MULTIPLE PILE WEAVING 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 23, 1955 f3 ff ATTORNEYS Oct. 13, 1959 F. w. E. HoEsl-:LBARTH 2,908,296

MULTIPLE PILE wEAvING Filed Aug. 23, 1955 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 United StatCS atei-fit MULTIPLE PILE WEAVING Frank W. E. Hoeselbarth, Carlisle, Pa., assigner to C. H.

Masland & Sons, Carlisle, Pa., a corporation of Penn- Sylvania Application August 23, 1955, Serial No. 530,10'5

ypile warp ends in the back of the fabric'and an improved intertying of upper and lower wefts'by the binder warp ends. l..

A further purpose is to reduce the number of heddle sets `required for velet and tapestry [carpet` weaving;

A further purposeis to manipulate one. pile warp set V 2,908,296 ICC r mammoet-13,1959

can be cut down. I propose to employ one heddle to manipulate one pile warp set and one binder warp set, andl to use onlyas many heddle sets as there are pile warp sets. For' each pile warp set I employ a binder warp set. I also propose to insert one wire and two shots of weft in each step. The stutter warp set is preferably invariably positioned, so that itis not necessary to employ a stuier warp heddlev set, or, if the stuffer warp heddle set is desired for guiding the ends, it is simply positioned rigidly in mid-position.

Considering irst the form of Figures l and 2, I there illustrate a pile warp set 20 manipulated by the upper eyes 21 of a heddle set 22, a pilewarp set 23man'ipulated by the upper eyes 24 of a heddle set 25, and asv shown in Figures 3 to 5, but not in Figures 1 and 2, a pile warp 'set'26 manipulated by the upper eyes 27 of a heddle s'et`28. Each of the heddle sets has alower set of eyes respectively 30 and 31 in Figures land 2, and 30, 31 and 32 in Figures 3 to 5 'and the lower eyes carry-respective l binder warp sets 33'and`34 in .Figures land 2, and 33,

and -one binder warpset always by the-same heddle set, f-

employing as many vheddle sets as there are pile warp sets and binder warp sets.

A further purpose is to raise one pile warp set to the high position and one binder warp set toa mid-high position by the same heddle set, and simultaneously to lower another pile warp set oisets toa middle position by anotherheddle set or heddle sets and lower another binder warp set or sets to a lower position by the same other heddle set or heddle sets.

A further purpose is to weave with the stufer'warp set if maintained invariably in the mid-position. l l I Further purposes Iappear inthe specication and in the c1aim In the drawings, I have chosen to illustrate a few only of the numerous embodiments in which may invention 'f may appear, selecting' the 'forms shownfrom'th'e standpoints of convenience in illustration',` satisfactory operation and clear demonstration of theprinciplesinvolved.

Figures 1 and 2 areY warpwise conventional weave diagrams showing the two steps in weaving the two pile carpet as shown. 1 v

Figures 3, 4 and 5 are warpwiseconventionalweave diagrams showing the three steps in weaving the three pile carpet as shown.

In the drawings theeyes of theheddles are turned into the plane of thepaper for- `easein illustration.

Describing in illustration but not in limitation and referring to the drawings:

In normal practice in weaving velvet or tapestry carpets and similar pile fabrics, one heddle manipulates each set of pile warp ends, one heddle set manipulates each set of binder warp ends and one heddle set manipulates the set of stuffer warp ends. The heddle sets are raised to form an upper shed and a lower shed, a transverse wire is inserted by a wire motion into the upper shed and a shot of weft is inserted into the lower shed at one step. A

. subsequent step forms a lower shed and a weft is inserted 34 and 35 in Figures 3 to 5.` l The stuffer warp set 36 is preferably maintained invariably f in mid-positiomrsuitbly stretching it through guiding eyes not shown behind the heddle sets. At the frotthestuffer warpis of-cour'se'supportedby the fell. In the position of Figure `1, heddle set 22` is raised, raising pile warpset 20 to thehigh'position and raising binder warp set 33 to the'mid-high'position, forming an uppershed37. 5 i Heddle set125 is lowered, placing binder warpset 23 in the middle position, correspondingto the position ofthe stufer warprset '36, and forming a middle shed 38.' The samueheddleset 25-Y places the binder warp set 34 infthe lower p'ostion,:forming a'lower shed'40.V .With the' sheds positioned as 'shown-in Figure 1, a wire 41 is insertedinthe upper shed, ashot of'weft `42=` from a suitableshuttle is inserted inthe middle shed, to form `the upper wefts 42 ofthe fabric, and a shot of weft 43 is inserted in the lower shed to forni the lower weftsl43` of .thefabrie 1, e'

The lay 44 beats up the wire and the wefts against the fell 45 as Well known.

Thewire 141; andi any-'of the other wires referred to ,herein form a wire'set operated by .any suitable wire motion which may be `a standard wire motion, and the wire` v41- isatransverse pile wire whichmay be cutting, non-cutting, wavy ,o'rserratedg' ag, high, low, thick Vor thin,I andit maybe interposed in awire set having a com'- bination of cutting and non-cutting, high and low, straight and wavy or Aany other suitablev combination of wires. Likewise the wefts 42 and 43 will suitably'` be inserted by vshuttlesV in the middle and lower vsheds operating in opposite directions on each step of the weavebut it'willbe evident that these wefts can be inserted .by needles' or any -other 'weft insertion-meclanism .as desired. I i ,1, ,'Ifheiseond step whichicompletes the weave is a reversal of the step of Figure l, heddle set 25 being raised to bring pile warp set 23 into the high position, and binder warp set 34 into the mid-high position, while heddle set 22 are lowered to bring pile warp set 20 into the middle position and binder warp set 33 into the lower position. Here again, high middle and low sheds are formed, a wire being inserted in the upper shed and wefts being inserted in the middle and lower sheds.

It will be evident that each of the heddles has its upper and lower eyes spaced by the distance between the top and the bottom of the upper shed and by the distance (which is the same) between the top and the bottom of The finished fabric comprises alternate rows of pile projections 46 Vand 47 formed of the respective pile warp sets raised over successive wires, and each bound behind a single upper weft between the pile projections. The binder warp sets are woven over a single upper weft and under a single lower weft and then over a single upper weft.

The stuffer warp ends extend straight between the upper and llower wefts 'in prolongation of their position during weaving. It is accordingly possible to use extremely stit stuler warp ends.

Figures 3 to 5 show a weave related to that of Figures 1 and 2, but having certain distinctive characteristics, especially in respect to a superior bind of the pile projections by the upper wefts and a strong construction of the back.

As shown in Figure 3, heddle set 22 is raised, raising pile warp set 20 to the high position and binder warp -set 33 to the mid-high position and forming an upper shed. 'Heddle sets 25 and 28 are lowered, placing pile warp set 23 in the middle position and by the same heddle set 25 placing binder warp set 34 in the lower position, and placing pile warp set 26 in the middle position and by the same heddle set 28 placing binder warp set 35 in the lower position. A wire 41 is inserted in the upper shed, a weft 42 is inserted in the middle shed and a weft 43 is inserted Vin the lower shed. 'Ihe lay 44 then beats up the wefts and wire against the fell 45.

Figure 4 shows the next step which is merely a reversal of that of Figure 3. In this case heddle 28 is in the upper position and heddle sets 22 and 25 kare in the lower position. This brings pile warp set 26 into the high position, binder warp set 35 into the mid-high position, pile warp set 20 and pile warp set 23 into the middle position and binder warp set 33 and binder warp set 34 into the lower position. Wire 41 is inserted in the upper shed thus formed and weft 42 is inserted in the middle shed and weft 43 is inserted in the lower shed.

The third step shown in'Figure 5, which completes the weave, is again merely a reversal. Heddle set 25 is here raised and heddle sets 22 and 28 are lowered. This places pile warp set 23 in the high position and binder warp set 34 in the mid-high position, pile warp set 26 and pile warp set 20 in the middle position and binder warp sets 33 and 35 inthe lower position. A wire 41 is inserted in the upper shed, a weft 42 is inserted in the middle shed and a weft 43 is inserted in the lower shed. 'Ihe wire and the wefts are beaten up bythe lay 44 against the fell 45.

The weave as shown lin Figures 3, 4 and 5 illustrates some interesting features. The pile warp ends rise in successive rows of pile projections 48, 50 and 51 and between each row in which a particular pile warp set rises over a wire in the pile, the pile Warp set is bound under two face wefts 42. This assures very good anchorage.

The backing of the fabric involves an unusual feature also. Each binder warp set is woven over a single weft 42 and then woven under two lower wefts 43, after position.

4 by a single binder warp span over two Alower wefts in one A short distance laterally of the fabric, an individual lower weft is bound by different binder warps, one of which bridges a pair of lower wefts comprising one of the rst pair of lower wefts and an adjoining lower weft on the other side. A different pair is formed on the other side with the other lower weft of the first pair and another lower weft on the opposite side. Thus this combination of pairing of lower wefts first in one relation and then in `another relation with each successive step of the weave greatly strengthens the back and produces a novel and interesting appearance on the back of the fabric.

In view of my invention and disclosure, variations and modifications to meet individual whim orp'articular need will doubtless become evident to others skilled in the art, to obtain all or part of the'benets of my invention without copying the method, machine and fabric shown, and I therefore, claim all such insofar as they fall within the reasonable spirit and scope of lmy claim.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

The method of weaving a velvet pile carpet, using sets 'of heddles each of which heddle has an upper eye for a pile warp end and a lower eye for a binder warp end, which comprises at each shed raising one set of the heddles and vthereby raising one of a plurality of pile warp sets to a high position and also raising one of a plurality of binder warp sets by the same raised heddle set to a mid-high position, Athus forming an upper shed, lowering all other pile warp ends to a middle position, thus forming a middle shed and lowering all other binder vwarp ends .by the heddle lowering which accomplishes the lowering ofthe other pile warp ends, said othervbinder warp ends achieving a lower position, thus forming a lower shed, at all times during Ithe weaving shedding by raising and lowering one pile warp set and with it on the same respective heddles raising land lowering one binder warp set, the vertical spacing between each associated pile warp set and binder warp set remaining the same, and each pile warp set being in the high position when .the related binder warp set is in the vmid-high position,

-and each pile warp set being in the middle position when the related binder warp set is in the lower position, inserting a wire in the upper shed, inserting a shot of weft Vin the middle shed, inserting a shot of weft in the lower shed, and repeating these steps successively with a different pile warp set raised into the high position and a different binder warp set raised into the mid-high position on successive steps.

which it is again woven over a single upper weft. Thus p the bind depends not merely on the interweaving of two binder warps, but instead is accomplished by three binder warps. Furthermore each pair of lower wefts is held References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

